Burglar-alarm system.



M. F. JURUIGK. BURGLAR VALARM SYSTEM. APPLIGATION FILED JUNE 20, 190B.

1,01 9,481 Patented Mar. 5, 1912.

M. F. JURUICK.

BURGLAR ALARM SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20. 1908.

1,019,481. 1 Patented Mar.5, 19l2.

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4 WW j I I 'TTORIV M. F. JURUIGK.

BURGLAR ALARM SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, 1908.

1,019,481. I Patented Mar. 5, 1912.

4 SHEETS-81115371. 3.

WIT IVESSE 8:

CBLUMBXA PLANOGIAPH CO, WASHINHTON, D. C.

M. P. JURUICK.

BURGLAR ALARM SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED mm: 20, 1900.

1,019,481, Patented Mar. 5, 1912;

71 I W 6.59 y a WITNESSES:

TINTTED STATES PATENT UFFTQE MAXIMILIAN F. JURUICK, OF NEW YORK, Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO ELECTRIC BANK PROTECTION COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

BURGLAB-ALARM SYSTEM.

noiaasi.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 5, 1912.

I 0 all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, MAXIMILIAN F. J URUIOK, a citizen of the United States, and resident of New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Burglar- Alarm Systems, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to burglar alarm systems, and has special relation to that class of burglar alarm systems which are designed for the electrical protection of bank vaults and bank structures.

The improvements constituting my present invention comprise a circuit in which is employed an alarm bell or other signal and a clock or other time-indicating mechanism, the alarm or signal mechanism and the clock or, time-indicating mechanism being so arranged operatively and relatively that the time-indicating mechanism will control the electric circuit in such a manner that access may be freely had to the bank vault, safe or other inclosure protected by the system during a portion of each twenty-four hours (that is, during the day-time) without operating the alarm bell or signal mechanism, but will permit the automatic electrical operation of the alarm bell or signal during the day-time to indicate the passage of time, as, for instance, to indicate the beginning or end of the noon hour.

The invention further comprises means whereby, in the relative operation of the alarm signal and the time-indicating mechanisms, a warning signal will be given a predetermined length of time before the set time for closing the bank vault, safe or other inclosure protected by the system, so that an alarm signal which sounds in case the bank vault or protected inclosure remains open after the set or determined time for closing will not be thrown into operation unexpectedly, should the banker or custodian not realize that the time for closing was near.

The invention comprises further improvements by which other objects and advantages are attained, substantially as hereinafter set forth and described.

In the drawingsFigure 1 is a face view of a clock constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged face view, showing the dial removed and the several terminals and circuit closers. Fig. 3 is a transverse section through the clock casing, showing an edge view of the operating mechanism. Fig. 4 is a transverse sec tion-through the clock in the plane of the hand arbor. Fig. 5 is a view of a cam wheel operating to eifect the closing of the circuit a short time prior to the operating of the alarm at or about noon. Fig. 6 is an end view of the wheel serving to throw the alarm circuit into and out of operation in the morning and at night. Fig. 7 is an end view of the controller cooperating with the wheel shown in Fig. 6 to vary the length of time the protection is secured. Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view of one form of wiring with which my improved clock is employed. Corresponding parts in all the figures are denoted by the same reference characters.

The main portion of the clockwork,' in connection with which the main features of my invention are employed, may be of any suitable type or character and operating in any suitable manner. For purposes of illustration, I have shown a portion of a clockwork inclosed in a suitable rectangular casing, having a top wall 10, serving as a support for a plurality of terminals receiving the ends of corresponding knife switches, and having a front 11 which may be hinged and is provided with a circular opening therein supporting a glass 12, through which the dial of the clock may be seen and the clock springs wound. The clock is preferably a twenty-four hour clock, the dial 13 being subdivided into twenty-four equal parts, the XII for the midnight being at the top and the XII for the noon being at the bottom, as clearly indicated in Fig. 1.

The mechanism of the clockwork is supported upon the rear wall of the clock case, and the frame also serves to support a plurality of switches which are closed at different times in the operation of the clock. The clock illustrated is of the gong barrel type, in which there are two main springs, inclosed within the two barrels 14, 1 1, and the two barrels carry gear wheels 15, 15, both of which intermesh with a pinion 16. The pinion 16 is mounted on an arbor 17, which arbor carries apinion 18 and a gear wheel 19. The pinion 18 intermeshes with a gear wheel 20, carrying the hour hand 21, while the gear wheel 19 intermeshes with a pinion serving for the operation of the minute hand 23. The arbor 17 at the opposite end thereof from the pinion 16 and gear wheels 18 and 19, is connected to mechanism including the escapement, whereby the clock is caused to run at a uniform rate. The minute hand is carried by a sleeve 24, rotatably mounted on a central stud 25, and the hour hand is carried by a sleeve 26 encir cling the sleeve 24 and rotatable thereon. Thus, the hands are both positively operated from both of the springs, so that in case either spring should break during the night, the operation of the clock would not be interfered with.

The clock case carries a plurality of sockets 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 and 32, each adapted to receive the free end of a corresponding knife switch and each socket extends through the clock case and is provided with means whereby it may be secured to a corresponding wire leading to a terminal intermittently operated by the clockwork. Vith the system of wiring outside of the clock case, and as illustrated in Fig. 8, I so connect the parts within the clock that the circuit between the terminals 28 and 30 is closed a short time before the bank-closing hour, as, for instance, about fifteen minutes before, to give the employees time to close the vaults, doors, windows, etc., for the night, the circuit between the terminals 29 and 30 is closed during the night and at all times when protection is desired. The circuit between the terminals 31 and 32 is closed at all times, save in the vicinity of the noon hour, and the circuit through the terminals 27 and 32 is closed for a few seconds at noon to ring the alarm bell as a time indicator. To close the circuits, including the terminals 27 31 and 32, a wheel 33 of insulating material is mounted on a stationary stud carried by one of the main supporting plates 34 of the frame of the clock, and two brushes 35 and 36 are supported side by side on a block 37 of insulating material. The brushes are out of engagement with each other, and bear against the periphery of the wheel 33. The wheel is provided with a strip of metal 38, extending transversely thereof, and as this strip contacts with both of the brushes, a current may flow from one brush to the other. One of the brushes, 36, is connected by a wire 39 to the terminal 27, and the other brush is connected by a wire 40 to a spring contact 45, hereinafter referred to. The sleeve 24 carrying the minute hand 23, is provided with an operating arm 42, and the insulating wheel 33 is provided with eight teeth 43, out of the range of the brushes 35 and 36 and in the path of the end of the arm 42. Each hour the minute hand 23 makes a complete circuit of the clock dial and the arm 42 passes the wheel once. As there are eight teeth on the wheel 34, it is evident that this wheel is rotated through a complete revolution once in eight hours, and is rotated through three complete revolutions each twenty-four hours. It is also evident that the wheel 33 is stationary throughout a greater portion of the time, and that when it is rotated, it is at a comparatively high rate of speed. Thus, the circuit-closing strip 38 contacts with the two brushes only for a few seconds three times a day; that is, at 4 a. m., at noon, and at 8 p. in. The circuit at the contact 45, above referred to, is broken, save at noon. The supporting plate 34 of the clockwork carries a second block 44 of insulating material, similar to the block 37 and serving to support a brush 41 and two spring contacts 45 and 46, all extending in the same general direction. The spring contact 45 car ries a lateral projection extending over one side of the brush 41, and the spring contact 46 carries a lateral extension disposed upon the opposite side of the brush 41. The brush is movable to bring it into engagement with the contact 45 or with the contact 46, but it cannot engage with both at the same time, and the two cannot engage with each other. The contact 45 is connected by the wire 40 to the brush 35, as previously stated, while the brush 41 is connected by a wire 47 to the terminal 32, and the contact 46 is connected by a wire 48 to terminal 31. The sleeve 26, to which is secured the hour hand 21 and the gear wheel 20, carries a cam wheel 49 of insulating material, illustrated in Fig. 5. The maj Or portion of the periphery of the wheel is sub stantially in the arc of a circle, but through a minor portion the periphery is concaved, as at 50, and there is an ivory point 51, contacting. with the periphery of the wheel 49, and the brush is so constructed as to hold the ivory point in engagement with the wheel, irrespective of the irregularities in the surface of the latter.

During the major portion of each twenty four hours, the wheel 49 holds the ivory point 51 in the position illustrated in Fig. 2, and the circuit from the terminal 31 through the wire 48, spring contact 46, brush 41, wire 47, and terminal 32, is closed. A few hours before noon, the ivory point begins to enter the depression 50, and at noon the point has reached the bottom of the depression and the brush 41 is out of engagement with the contact 46 and in firm engagement with the contact 45. At this time, the arm 42 rotates the wheel 33 to momentarily close the circuit between the brushes 35 and 36, and a circuit may pass from the terminal 27 through the brushes 35 and 36 to the contact 45, thence through the brush 41, and wire 47 to the terminal 32. At 4 a. 1n. and at 8 p. m., when the circuit-closing strip 38 cont-acts with the brushes 35 and 36, no circuit can pass, as the spring contact 45 is out of engagement with the brush 41.

For closing the circuit through the terminals 28 and 30 to give a warning that it is time to close the bank, and to close the circuit through the terminals 29 and 30 during the night to bring the protection circuit into operation, the following mechanism is employed: Rigidly secured to the sleeve 26, carrying the hour hand, is a plate 52 having graduations thereon to indicate the hours of the day. The complete series of twentyfour numbers may be represented, if desired, but it is only essential that those hours in the late afternoon and early evening be used, as this isthe range of time during which the bank or vaults are normally closed for the night. Intermediate the plate 52, shown in detail in Fig. 7, and the cam wheel 49, I provide a second wheel 53 of insulating material, shown in detail in Fig. 6. This wheel is rotatable on the sleeve 26, but fits friction-tight, so that it normally rotates with the sleeve. The wheel is provided with a recess or slot 54-, along a portion of its periphery, and this slot serves to receive a supporting bar 55, connecting the hour hand 21 with the gear wheel 20 and cam wheel $9. The wheel 53 carries two oppositely disposed pins 56, whereby it may be rotated in respect to the sleeve. A. portion of the surface of the wheel, preferably that adjacent the recess Fat, is protected by a contact plate 57, the ends of which. are inserted in the wheel to firmly secure the same in place. The plate 52 carries a contact plate 58 in engagement with the outer surface of the contact plate 57, and the two together constitute substantially one continuous contact plate for the brushes described. By rotating the wheel 53 in respect to'the sleeve and plate 5st, the total length of metallic peripheral surface formed by the two plates 57 and 58, may be increased or diminished within certain liniits. Adjacent one end of the plate 57, the wheel 53 carries a very narrow circuit closing strip 59, somewhat similar to the circuit-closing strip 38 of the wheel 83. The angular distance between the strip and the end of the contact plate 57, is dependent upon the length of time which is desired. between the time the alarm ball sounds and the time when it is necessary to close the vaults, doors, etc. As illustrated, this angular distance is equivalent to about fifteen minutes.

The plate 8st of the clock frame carries a third insulating block 60, similar to the blocks 67 and 4st, and mounted upon this block are two brushes 61 and 62. The free ends of these brushes engage with the periphery of the wheel 53 and the contact plates 57 and 58, and one of the brushes 61 is connected by a wire 63 to the terminal28, and the other brush 62 is connected by a wire 6% to the terminal 30. During the daytime the two brushes 61 and 62 are in contact with the insulated portion of the wheel 58, but as it approaches the time to close the bank, the circuitclosing strip 59 approaches the brushes 6]. and 62. At fifteen minutes before the bank closing time, the circuit is closed through the terminals 28 and 30 to ring the signal bell, as set forth more clearly in connection with the description of Fig. 8, and at the closing time the circuit through these two brushes is again closed, but neither the signal bell nor the alarm bell is rung if the bank has been closed in the meantime. If it is desired to keep the bank open to a later hour, the wheel may be rotated by the pins 56 to delay the time at which the circuit through the brushes will be closed. As the plate 57 slides under the plate 58, this movement of the wheel will not affect the time in the morning at which the brushes leave the contact and break the circuit.

in the construction illustrated, it is impossible to delay the closing of the bank until after midnight, as the brushes will contact directly with the plate 58 at this time. The circuitclosing strip 59 is not in contact with any of the metallic parts of the clock,

and thus when it reaches the two brushes,

the circuit is merely closed through these two irrespective of the rest of the clock mechanism, but when the brushes contact with the plate 57 or the plate 58, all of the metallic parts of the clock are in electrical connection with the circuit, and as the terminal 29 is connected to the clock frame by a wire 65, the circuit may flow from the terminal 29 through the clock frame and wire 64 to the terminal 30, during that portion of the day when protection is desired.

The clock illustrated in Figs. 1 to 7, inelusive, thus serves to close contact between the terminals 27 and 32 for a few seconds at noon, to close contact between terminals 81 and 32 at all times, save during the middle portion of the day, to close the circuit through terminals 28 and 30 for a few seconds just preceding the bank-closing hour, and to close the circuit through the terminals 29 and 30 from the bank-closing hour until the time at which it is desired to open the bank in the morning.

The manner in which the clock is con nected in circuit and the mechanism which is set in operation by the closing of the circuits above referred to, are illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 8. In this figure the clock is represented in top plan, only the top wall 10 and the terminals 27 to 32, inclusive, being illustrated. This clock is disposed adjacent a panel board 66, shown in dot and dash lines. The panel board carries a plurality of knife switches 27*, 282 29 30, 31 and 32, adapted to engage with the terminals 27 to 32, inclusive, for placing the clock in circuit. By raising the switches, the clock may be readily removed in case it is necessary to repair the same. The clock. and panel board may be disposed at any convenient position within the bank, or other building sought to be protected, but it is preferably located within the vault. The panel board carries an automatic drop, a signal bell 67, a second clock 68, and disposed in the rear of the same or adjacent thereto, is a battery 69. The clock 68 may be of any adapted construction, but is preferably of the type which is fully shown and described in the Patent No. 944,733, issued December 28, 1909, to which reference may be had for a more detail understanding of the specific features of such construction. From the panel board leads a cable (not shown) inclosing a plurality of wires leading to an outside alarm bell, and having branch wires leading to the several doors, windows, and other points about the bank where a burglar might seek ingress. The alarm bell 70 is preferably disposed upon the outside of the building, and adjacent the alarm bell are terminals adapted to be closed should anyone attempt to interfere with the bell. This portion of the system is substantially identical with that set forth and claimed in my previous application No. 388,788, filed August 16, 1907. Included in this portion of the system, are terminals disposed adjacent the main door 71 of the vault, and these connections are such that they are broken as the door is closed.

In the specific arrangement of wiring shown, the battery 69 is connected by a wire 72 to the switch 27*, and by a tap wire 73 to the switch 74 of the automatic drop, from which the current may pass through a contact 7 5 and a wire 76 to the coils 77 of the automatic drop. The opposite terminal from the coils is connected by a wire 78 leading to the clock switch 29, and the second contact 81 of the automatic drop is connected by a wire 82 to the switch 31 From the switch 32 leads a wire 83 through the cable direct to the outside alarm bell 70, and a return wire 84 from the alarm bell leads to the opposite pole of the battery from that to which the wire 72 is connected. A wire 85 leads from the switch 28 through the cable to adjacent the signal bell, and the wires 84 and 85 have branches 84 85 and 84 85", so disposed as to be brought into engage ment to close the circuit through the wires 84, 85 upon the entrance or attempted entrance by a burglar or other intruder. A wire 86 leads from the wire 85 to a terminal 87 adjacent the vault door, and a branch wire 88 leads from the wire 84 to a second terminal 89, adapted to be brought into contact with the terminal 87 when the door is opened. The clock 68 is preferably a one-hundred-hour clock, and is substantially the same in detail as that described in my previous application, Serial No. 388,787, filed August 16, 1907, said clock being con nected across between the wires 78 and 85, as shown at 7 8" and 7 8 the connection 78 extending from the wire 78 to the clock and the connection 78 extending from the wire 85 to the clock and including a switch 90 normally thrown to break the circuit through the clock 68. A wire 91 containing a resistance 92 connects the clock switch 30 to the wire 72, but this resistance is far higher than that of the coils 77 of the drop.

In the normal operation of the system, the circuit is closed through the terminals 28, 29 and 30 during the night, and, therefore, should a burglar close the contact between the branches 84 and 85 or 84 and 85 or 87 and 89, or any other similar terminals, a current can flow from the battery through the wire 84 to the terminal 28. IVithin the clock the current can flow to the terminal 30 and back through the wire 78 to the coils 77 of the drop, and thence through the wire 76, contact 75, switch 74, to the battery. This causes the energizing of the electromagnet of the drop, and the armature 93 operates to release the switch 74 and allow it to engage with the contact 81. At this time the current entering the clock through the wire 85 might leave by the wire 91 and short circuit the coils 77, but the resistance 92 is sufiicient to prevent it. The current may now flow from the battery through the wire 84 to the main alarm bell 70, and thenceback to the wire 83 to the switch 32". WVithin the clock the circuit is closed, so that the current can flow from the terminal 32 to the terminal 31, and from the switch 31 it may return through the wire 82, contact 81, and switch 74 to the battery. Should the burglar instantly break the contact between the terminals which he has accidentally closed, it will not operate to stop the alarm bell from ringing, as the current is now passing through the contact 81, and the current through the coils of the automatic drop is broken. At a predetermined time in the morning, the clock breaks the circuit be tween the terminals 29 and 30, and the banker may then freely gain access to the building and vaults, without setting off the alarm. During-the day, the wires leading from the terminals 28, 29 and 30 are dead, as the circuits to these wires are broken within the clock. At twelve oclock noon, the clock closes the circuit between the terminals 27 and 32, and the current may then flow through the wires 84 and through the alarm bell to the wire 83, the clock, and

7 the terminals of the wires 86 and 88 are in contact, but no current can pass, as the clock breaks connections with the wire 85. If the vault door has not been closed fifteen minutes before the hour set for closing the bank, the contact plate 59 within the clock serves to close contact between the terminals 28 and 30, so that a current may flow from the battery 69 through the wires 84:, 88, 86, 85, signal bell 67, the clock, wire 91, resistance 9'2 and wire 72 to the battery. The ringing of the warning bell. notifies the banker to close the vault, and if the vault is closed before the expiration of the fifteen minutes, the contacts 87 and 89 are separated and no current can pass to ring any of the alarm or signal bells, unless the terminals 84 and 85 and other similar terminals are brought into engagement with each other as above referred to. The ringing of the alarm bell does not operate the auto matic drop, as the circuit to the terminal 29 is not closed until the two brushes 61 and 62 contact with the plate 58. If the bank is not closed when the brushes reach this plate, the alarm system will be set olf. Should the banker desire to retain the bank open for a longer time, he may rotate the plate 58 to retard the time at which the circuit will be closed. If it is not desired to ring the alarm bell at noon, the switch 27" may be opened and left open permanently, without affecting the rest of the normal operation of the system. The ringing of the alarm bell and the ringing of the warning bell 67, both serve to indicate the factthat the batteries are in good condition.

In case it is desired to maintain the bank closed over Sunday or over a holiday, or a Sunday and a holiday in succession, the switch 90 is closed, which permits the clock 68 to make contact equivalent to the contact between the terminals 29 and 30 of the other clock. The clock 68 is so operatable that it will break the circuit after any predetermined number of hours up to approximately one hundred. At the expiration of the time limit, the clock 68 breaks the circuit and the bank may then be entered.

I do not desire to be understood as limiting myself to the detail construction and arrangement of parts as herein shown and described, as it is manifest that variations and modifications therein may be resorted to, in the adaptation of my invention .to varying conditions of use, without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention and improvements. I therefore reserve the right to all such variations and modifications as properly fall within the scope of my invention and the terms of the following claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters'Patent: 1. In a burglar alarm system, a clock, an alarm signal, a circuit including said clock and signal and adapted to be acted upon by a burglar and operate said signal, means whereby said circuit is thrown out of operation during a predetermined portion of each day, and a supplementary emergency clock included in said circuit and operatable independent of said first clock to retain the circuit in operation for a period longer than the control of said first clock.

2. In an alarm system, an alarm signal, a clock, a circuit including said signal and said clock and adapted to be operated upon by a burglar and operate said signal, means whereby said clock prevents the operation of said signal during a predetermined portion of each twenty-four hours, and a supplementary emergency clock included in said circuit and operatable to retain the circuit in operation for a predetermined number of hours independent of the period of control of said first clock.

3. In an alarm system, an alarm signal a clock, a circuit including said signal and said clock adapted to be operated upon by a burglar and operate said signal, means whereby said clock prevents the operation of said signal during a predetermined portion of each twentyfour hours, and a supplementary emergency clock included in said circuit and operatable independent of said first clock to retain the circuit in operation for a period longer than the twenty-four hour control of said first clock.

4. In a burglar-alarm system, an alarm circuit including an automatic circuit breaker and terminals adapted to be brought into contact to close the circuit upon interference by a burglar, a shunt in parallel with said terminals and said circuit breaker and including an alarm signal and a switch adapted to be closed upon the operation of said circuit breaker, and means whereby said shunt is closed independently of said switch to operate said signal and indicate the time of day, said means comprising a cam wheel, a brush bearing on the periphery thereof, and switches upon opposite sides of said brush and adapted to be alternately brought into contact therewith upon the rotation of the cam wheel.

5. In a burglar-alarm system, an alarm circuit including an automatic circuit breaker and terminals adapted to be brought into contact to close the circuit upon interference by a burglar, a shunt in parallel with said terminals and said circuit breaker and including an alarm signal and a switch adapted to be closed upon the operation of said circuit breaker, a clock for breaking said circuit independently of said terminals during a predetermined portion of the day, means whereby said clock closes said circuit to give a warning at a predetermined time prior to the expiration of said portion of the day, and means whereby said shunt is closed independently of said switch to operate said signal and indicate the time of day, said last named means comprising a rotating cam wheel, a brush in engagement with the periphery of said wheel, and switches upon opposite sides of said brush and adapted to be alternately brought into engagement therewith upon the rotation of said cam wheel.

6. In a burglar-alarm system, a clock, an alarm signal, a circuit including said clock and signal, a supplemental clock included in said circuit and operatable independent of said first clock to retain the circuit in operation for a longer period than the control of said first clock, and means for closing said circuit to indicate the time of day, said means comprising a cam wheel, a brush contacting with the periphery of said wheel, and switches upon opposite sides of said brush and adapted to be alternately brought into engagement therewith upon the rotation of said cam wheel.

7. In an alarm system, a signal, a clock, a circuit including said signal and said clock and adapted to be acted upon by a burglar and operate said signal, means whereby said clock prevents the operation of said signal during a predetermined portion of each twenty-four hours, a second clock adapted to be connected in circuit and maintain the circuit in operation for more than twenty-four hours independently of the first-mentioned clock, and means for closing said circuit to operate the signal to indicate a predetermined hour of the day, said last named means comprising a cam wheel, a brush in engagement therewith, and switches at opposite sides thereof and adapted to contact with said brush alternately upon the rotation of the cam wheel.

8. In a burglar-alarm system, an alarm circuit including an alarm signal and terminals adapted to be brought into contact to close the circuit and operate the signal upon the interference. of a burglar, a clock, terminals within said clock in series with the first named terminals, means whereby said lastmentioned terminals are separated during a predetermined portion of the day to prevent the operation of the alarm upon the closing of the first-mentioned terminals, a shunt in said circuit, and means for closing said shunt to operate the signal to indicate a predetermined hour of the day, said last named means comprising a cam wheel, a brush operating on the periphery thereof, and switches to engage said brush alternately upon the rotation of said cam wheel. 7

v9. In a burglar-alarm system, an alarm signal, a circuit adapted to be acted upon by the interference of a burglar to cause the operating of the signal, a clock, and means whereby said clock controls said circuit to operate the alarm signal to indicate the passage of time, said means comprising a rotating cam wheel, a brush in engagement with the periphery of said wheel, and switches upon opposite sides of said brush and adapted to be alternately brought into engagement therewith upon therotation of said cam wheel.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name in the presence of the subscribing witnesses.

MAXIMILIAN F. JURUICK.

Witnesses I A. L. VAN Nnss,

Jos. REED LITTELL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. ,0. 

